1. caricature

　　caricature /ˈkærɪkəˌtjʊə/ TEM8 ( caricaturing, caricatured, caricatures)

　　N-COUNT A caricature ofsomeone is a drawing or description of them that exaggerates their appearance or behaviour in a humorous or critical way.漫画

　　例：

　　The poster showed a caricature of Hitler with a devil's hornsand tail.

　　这张招贴漫画里的希特勒长着魔鬼一样的犄角和尾巴。

　　2. illiterate

　　illiterate /ɪˈlɪtərɪt/ CET6 TEM4 ( illiterates )

　　ADJ Someone who is illiterate does not know how to read or write. 文盲的

　　例：

　　A large percentage of thepopulation is illiterate.

　　人口中文盲的比例相当高。

　　3. alarmed

　　alarmed /əˈlɑːmd/

　　ADJ If someone is alarmed,they feel afraid or anxious that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen. 恐慌的

　　例：

　　They should not be too alarmed by the press reports.

　　他们不应该被媒体报道搞得过于恐慌。

　　4. impugn

　　impugn /ɪmˈpjuːn/ (impugning, impugned, impugns )

　　V-T If you impugn something such as someone's motives or integrity, you imply that they are not entirely honest or honourable. 指责; 质疑 [正式]

　　例：

　　The Secretary's letter impugns my motives.

　　该部长的来函质疑我的动机。

　　5. recant

　　recant /rɪˈkænt/ ( recanting,recanted, recants )

　　V-T/V-I If you recant, you say publicly that you no longer hold a set of beliefs that you had in the past.公开放弃(信仰) [正式]

　　例：

　　White House officials ordered Williams to recant.

　　白宫官员命令威廉斯公开宣布放弃自己的观点。

　　6. surrogate

　　surrogate / ˈsʌrəɡɪt/ TEM8 (surrogates )

　　ADJ You use surrogate to describe a person or thing that is given a particular role because the person or thing that should have the role is not available. 替代的 [ADJ n]

　　例：

　　Martin had become Howard Cosell's surrogate son.

　　马丁已成为霍华德马考塞尔的代子了。

　　7. personification

　　personification /pɜːˌsɒnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

　　N-SING If you say that someone is the personification of a particular thing or quality, you mean that they are a perfect example of that thing or that they have a lot of thatquality. 典型; 化身

　　例：

　　Janis Joplin was the personification of the '60s female rock singer.

　　贾尼斯·乔普林是60年代女摇滚歌手的典型。

　　8. derivation

　　derivation /ˌdɛrɪˈveɪʃən/TEM4 ( derivations )

　　N-VAR The derivation of something, especially a word, is its origin or source. 根源(尤指词根) [oft N 'of' n, 'of' adj N]

　　例：

　　The derivation of its name is obscure.

　　它名字的根源起源鲜为人知。

　　9. baleful

　　baleful /ˈbeɪlfʊl/ TEM8

　　ADJ Baleful means harmful, orexpressing harmful intentions. 有害的; 恶意的 [文学性] [usuADJ n]

　　例：

　　...abaleful look.

　　...一种恶意的眼神。

　　10. trepidation

　　trepidation /ˌtrɛpɪˈdeɪʃən/

　　N-UNCOUNT Trepidation is fearor anxiety about something that you are going to do or experience. 惊恐; 焦虑 [正式]

　　例：

　　It was with some trepidation that I viewed the prospect of cycling across Uganda.

　　想到要骑自行车穿越乌干达，我感到有点惊恐不安。

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