rationale N. /基础科学;基本原理/fundamental reason or justification; grounds for an action. Her need to have
someplace to hang her earring collection was Dora's rationale for piercing fifteen holes in each ear.
rationalize V. /合理化/give a plausible reason for an action in place of a true, less admirable one; offer an excuse.
When David told gabby Gabrielle he couldn't give her a ride to the dance because he had no room in the car, he was rationalizing; actually, he couldn't stand being cooped up in a car with anyone who talked as much as she did.
raucous ADJ. /沙哑的/harsh and shrill; disorderly and boisterous. The raucous crowd of New Year's Eve revelers got
progressively noisier as midnight drew near.
rave N. /咆哮/overwhelmingly favorable review. Though critic John Simon seldom has a good word to say about most
contemporary plays, his review of All in the Timing was a total rave.
ravel V. /使混乱;解开混乱，解决混乱/fall apart into tangles; unravel or untwist; entangle. A single thread pulled loose, and
the entire scarf started to ravel.
ravenous ADJ. /饥饿的/extremely hungry. The ravenous dog upset several garbage pails in its search for food.
raze V. /彻底摧毁/destroy completely. Spelling is important: to raise a building is to put it up; to raze a building is to tear
it down.
reactionary ADJ. /反作用的/recoiling from progress; politically ultraconservative. Opposing the use of English in
worship services, reactionary forces in the church fought to reinstate the mass in Latin.
realm N. /领域/kingdom; field or sphere. In the animal realm, the lion is the king of beas ts.
reaper N. /收割者;收割机/one who harvests grain. Death, the Grim Reaper, cuts down mortal men and women, just as
a farmer cuts down the ripened grain. reap, V.
rebuff V. /回绝/snub; beat back. She rebuffed his invitation so smoothly that he did not realize he had been snubbed.
also N.
rebuke V. /严厉批评;猛烈的训斥/scold harshly; criticize severely. No matter how sharply Miss Watson rebuked Huck for
his misconduct, he never talked back but just stood there like a stump. also N.
rebuttal N. /驳斥;举反证/refutation; response with contrary evidence. The defense lawyer confidently listened to the
prosecutor sum up his case, sure that she could answer his arguments in her rebuttal.
recalcitrant ADJ. /反抗的;顽抗的/obstinately stubborn; determined to resist authority; unruly. Which animal do you think
is more recalcitrant, a pig or a mule?
recant V. /放弃;宣布放弃/disclaim or disavow; retract a previous statement; openly confess error. Those who can, keep
true to their faith; those who can't, recant. Hoping to make Joan of Arc recant her sworn testimony, her English captors tried to convince her that her visions had been sent to her by the Devil.
recapitulate V. /概括;总结/summarize. Let us recapitulate what has been said thus far before going ahead.
recast V. /重建/reconstruct (a sentence, story, etc.); fashion again. Let me recast this sentence in terms your feeble
brain can grasp: in words of one syllable, you are a fool.
receptive ADJ. /善于接受的/quick or willing to receive ideas, suggestions, etc. Adventure-loving Huck Finn proved a
receptive audience for Tom's tales of buried treasure and piracy.
recession N. /撤退/withdrawal; retreat; time of low economic activity. The slow recession of the flood waters created
problems for the crews working to restore power to the area. recede,V.
recidivism N. /累犯;惯犯/habitual return to crime. Prison reformers in the United States are disturbed by the high rate
of recidivism; the number of men serving second and third terms in prison indicates the failure of prisons to rehabilitate the inmates.
recipient N. /接受的东西;容器/receiver. Although he had been the recipient of many favors, he was not grateful to his
benefactor.
reciprocal ADJ. /互相的;互动的;互惠的/mutual; exchangeable; interacting. The two nations signed a reciprocal trade
agreement.
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