pessimism N. /悲观主义者/belief that life is basically bad or evil; gloominess. Considering how well you have done in the course so far, you have no real reason for such pessimism about your final grade.
petrify V. /石化/turn to stone. His sudden and unexpected appearance seemed to petrify her.
petty ADJ. /微小的，不重要的/trivial; unimportant; very small. She had no major complaints to make about his work, only a few petty quibbles that were almost too minor to state.
petulant ADJ. /脾气坏的/touchy; peevish. If you'd had hardly any sleep for three nights and people kept phoning and waking you up, you'd sound pretty petulant, too.
phenomena N. /现象/observable facts; subjects of scientific investigation. We kept careful records of the
phenomena we noted in the course of these experiments.
philanderer N. /调情;轻佻的人/faithless lover; flirt. Swearing he had never so much as looked at another woman, Ralph assured Alice he was no philanderer.
Word List 36 philanthropist-precedent
philanthropist N. /慈善家/lover of mankind; doer of good. In his role as philanthropist and public benefactor, John D.
Rockefeller, Sr., donated millions to charity; as an individual, however, he was a tight-fisted old man.
philistine N. /俗气的人，无教养的人;心胸狭窄的人/narrow-minded person, uncultured and exclusively interested in material gain. We need more men of culture and enlightenment; we have too many philistines among us.
philology N. / 语言学/study of language. The professor of philology advocated the use of Esperanto as an international language.
phlegmatic ADJ. /冷静的;平静的;不易被激起的/calm; not easily disturbed. The nurse was a cheerful but phlegmatic person, unexcited in the face of sudden emergencies.
phobia N. /恐怖/morbid fear. Her fear of flying was more than mere nervousness; it was a real phobia. phoenix N. /凤凰(象征不死和重生、涅磐)/symbol of immortality or rebirth. Like the legendary phoenix rising from its ashes, the city of San Francisco rose again after its destruction during the 1906 earthquake.
phylum N. /门;语群/major class of plants; primary branch of animal kingdom; division. In sorting out her hundreds of packets of seeds, Katya decided to file them by phylum.
physiological ADJ. /生理学的/pertaining to the science of the function of living organisms. To understand this disease fully, we must examine not only its physiological aspects but also its psychological elements.
picaresque ADJ. /以歹徒为题材的文学作品的/pertaining to rogues in literature. Tom Jones has been hailed as one of the best picaresque novels in the English language.
piebald ADJ. /花斑的;斑驳的/mottled; spotted. You should be able to identify Polka Dot in this race; it is the only piebald horse running.
piecemeal ADV. /一次一个的，逐个的;渐渐的;碎的/one piece at a time; gradually. Tolstoy's War and Peace is too huge to finish in one sitting; I'll have to read it piecemeal.
pied ADJ. /杂色的;斑驳的/variegated; multicolored. The Pied Piper of Hamelin got his name from the multicolored clothing he wore.
piety N. /虔诚;孝行/religious devotion; godliness. The nuns in the convent were noted for their piety; they spent their days in worship and prayer. Pious, ADJ.
pigment N. /色素/coloring matter. Van Gogh mixed various pigments with linseed oil to create his paints. pillage V. /掠夺/plunder. The enemy pillaged the quiet village and left it in ruins.
pine V. /消瘦，憔悴;渴望;松树/languish, decline; long for, yearn. Though she tried to be happy living with Clara in the city, Heidi pined for the mountains and for her gruff but loving grandfather.
pinnacle N. /顶尖;顶点/peak. We could see the morning sunlight illuminate the pinnacle while the rest of the mountain lay in shadow.
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