Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King, Jr. was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American civil right movement. His main legacy was to secure progress on civil rights in the United States and he is frequently referenced as a human rights icon today.
King led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, serving as its first president. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. There, he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history.
By the time of his death in 1968, he had refocused his efforts on ending poverty and opposing the VietnamWar, both from a religious perspective.
In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means. He was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 and Congressional Gold Medal in 2004; Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U.S. national holiday in 1986. (192)
马丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King, Jr.)，将“非暴力”和“直接行动”作为社会变革方法的最为突出的倡导者之一。1929年1月15日，马丁·路德·金在亚特兰大出生。马丁·路德·金是牧师亚当·丹尼尔·威廉姆斯的外孙，威廉姆斯是埃比尼泽浸信会的牧师和全国有色人种协进会亚特兰大分会的发起人;马丁·路德·金是老马丁·路德·金的儿子，老马丁·路德·金继承父亲威廉姆斯成了埃比尼泽的牧师。
马丁·路德·金的家族发源于非洲裔美国人的浸信会。在结束亚特兰大莫尔浩司学院的学业后，马丁·路德·金又在宾夕法尼亚州的克劳泽神学院和波士顿大学就读，在学习中，马丁·路德·金加深了对神学的认识并探究圣雄甘地在社会改革方面的非暴力策略。
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