本篇文章我将给大家介绍一个重要的语法点,熟练掌握后,你的写作会因为准确度提高而得分。对于准备SAT考试的同学来说,这节课讲解的内容则是每次语法部分的重要考点。
先请看下面两句话:
1. Running home from school, a dog bit me.
2. When only a child, my father took me to the circus.
上面两句话第一眼看上去貌似正确,而且它们也的确符合汉语的表达思维。
第一句字面意思是“从学校跑回家,一条狗咬了我。”
第二句的意思是“当还是小孩的时候,我爸爸带我去马戏团。”
But,在英语中,这两句表达都不正确。
按照英语文法的规则,这类句子中的后半段第一个词应该是前半句的实施方。
请看例句:
1. Looking at his watch, Mr. Jones got up and left. 是Mr. Jones 看了手表。
2. Compared to his father, John is a tall man. 是John 和他父亲做比较。
这种由逗号分开的前半句叫introductory phrase, 后面半句叫做main clause,在语法中被称为Dangling modifiers---前半句和后半部分的主语是同一个。
遵循这个规则,那文章开头的两句应该改为:
1. Running home from school, I was bitten by a dog. 是我从学校回去。
2. When only a child, I was taken to the circus by my father. 是我小时候。
这类句子貌似简单,但是在日常学生写作中,错误却非常频繁。以下几个写错的例子都是来自学生作文,后面是对它们的修改。
1. Playing in the street, a truck hit a child.
2. To understand the subject, a great deal of studying must be done.
3. Sitting alone in his room, a strange noise frightened him.
上面三句话建议改写如下:
1. Playing inthe street, the child was hit by the truck.
2. To understand the subject, one must do a great deal of studying.
3. Sitting alone in his room, he was frightened by the strange noise.
下面的这个例子来自SAT语法部分,是上面介绍的语法点的提高版,唯一不同的是单词稍微复杂些,但理解上面的知识点后,做对这题就不难了。
这题的答案为D,你选对了没?是Careful observer (仔细的观察者)在画作前观看,不是symbol 或者画作中的两个ambassadors.
在知道规则后一切都变得So easy!
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