2015年3月24日PSAT完整样题阅读部分第二篇文章解析
第二篇文章 10-19题
Q10
答案：C
难度：低
解析：单词题。原句为：The Soviet people didn’t plot how they would build these [social] networks. A选项mark意为标记，B中form意为形成，C中plan意为计划，D中claim意为要求。第一段描述了前苏联的经济形式，即由人际关系形成(“economy driven by human relationships”)，这种形成是自然而然的(“No one was teaching them … Their networks evolved naturally…”)，因此不是计划好的，对应C选项中的plan。A显然没有意义，B和D与原文意思不符。
对应CCSS标准：
RI4: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone.
对应新SAT标准：
Interpreting words and phrases in context.
The student will determine the meaning of words and phrases in context.
Q11
答案：B
难度：低
解析：例子目的题。第三段的主旨是描述科技如何使得人们进行经济活动变得更直接更便利，给出的三个例子来自于世界各地，能够简单地接触到各地的人，强调的是科技连接人们的快捷性和广度，对应B中的broad reach。A中的产品质量(quality of products)，C中的可信性(trustworthy)原文都没有提到。D选项与原文无关。
对应CCSS标准：
RI6: Determine an author’s point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how an author uses rhetoric to advance that point of view or purpose.
对应新SAT标准：
Rhetoric.
Analyzing purposes.
Q12
答案：A
难度：中
解析：段落目的题。第一段介绍前苏联六七十年代的经济，主要目的是引出社会网络(social networking)这一概念，对应A选项。其中主导作用为人际关系，并没有提到科技在其中的作用，所以B错;也没有将苏联和其他国家进行对比，C错。提到过去的这个情形只是为了引出概念，后面从第二段开始直接就讲文章的主题，即讲今天科技带来的社会网络的变化，所以第一段并不是强调研究历史变化的重要性，D错。
对应CCSS标准：
RI3: Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or event, including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them.
对应新SAT标准：
Rhetoric.
Analyzing text structure, here more specifically refers to analyzing part-whole text structure.
Q13
答案：A
难度：低
解析：单词题。A中publish意为发布、发表，B中transfer意为转换，C中
assign意为分配，D中denounce意为谴责、告发。通过网站，人们显然是发布各种关于他们产品方案的信息，用以招徕投资，对应A选项。
对应CCSS标准：
RI4: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone.
对应新SAT标准：
Interpreting words and phrases in context.
The student will determine the meaning of words and phrases in context.
Q14
答案：D
难度：中
解析：事实信息题。原文“amplified individuals—individuals empowered with technologies … can … often more efficiently, at lower cost or no cost at all, and with much greater ease” (66~72行)，即与传统组织相比，个体组织的方式更有效更简单，成本更低，所以很明显对应D选项。A，B，C选项中的信息文中都没有比较。
对应CCSS标准：
RI3: Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or event, including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them.
对应新SAT标准：
Summarizing.
Understanding relationships.
Q15
答案：D
难度：中
解析：补充说明题。22-26行主要描述新技术带来的全球化网络的构建，强调的是广度和强度;40-42行主要讲可以跳过传统的银行和资本家的中介;40-47-50行也是讲新的依照社会关系形成的经济形式正在代替传统的机构性生产，只有66-72行强调的是上一题中的更有效更便宜。
对应CCSS标准：
RI1: Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
对应新SAT标准：
Information and ideas.
Citing textual evidence. The student will cite the textual evidence that best supports a given claim or point.
Q16
答案：A
难度：中
解析：事实信息题。文中提到的对作者论点的一种反驳是“distances us from the benefits of face-to-face communication and quality social time”(86～87行)，这是一种新技术带来的弊病，对应A选项。B中网络滥用，C中的前苏联与今日模式的类比文中都没有提到，D中长期之后弊大于利与描述相反：“opening up new opportunities...”(91～92行)。
对应CCSS标准：
RI8: Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is valid and evidence is relevant and sufficient; identify false statements and fallacious reasoning.
对应新SAT标准：
Rhetoric.
Analyzing arguments: analyzing claims and counterclaims.
Q17
答案：D
难度：中
解析：补充说明题。35～37行描述各种网络应用为了说明科技带来的人与人之间沟通的便捷性;74～76行描述的是将来科技发展到一定程度时出现的一种可能性，强调的是“unpredictability”即不可预知性;79～84行描述的是对传统机构的冲击和给人们带来的新的机遇。只有85～87行描述了一种负面影响，即人们缺乏直接的交流。
对应CCSS标准：
RI1: Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
RI3: Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or event, including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them.
对应新SAT标准：
Reading closely
These question focus on the explicit and implicit meaning of text and on extrapolating beyond the information and ideas in a text.
Citing textual evidence
The student will cite the textual evidence that best supports a given claim or point.
Q18
答案：C
难度：中
解析：图表题。图中是数码信息量随时间的变化图。A中电脑手机，B中人数在图中都没有提到。图中明显看出信息量是增长趋势，对应C选项;D选项虽然对，但知识描述了最后的时间点的状况，并不能总结图中的整个时间段的变化趋势。
对应CCSS标准：
RI7: Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account.
对应新SAT标准：
Synthesis.
Analyzing quantitative information
Q19
答案：D
难度：中
解析：图表题。很明显，图中数据一直是在增长，并且2011～2013年间的增长呈稳定增长趋势。所以A中不成比例(out of proportion)，B中(new upward trend)，C中达到顶峰(peaked)。
对应CCSS标准：
RI7: Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account.
对应新SAT标准：
Synthesis.
Analyzing quantitative information.
(编辑：Joe)
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